The pancreas produces pancreatic juice, rich in enzymes, to then break down and digest food.If the pancreatic ducts are blocked, the enzymes produced are delayed and begin to break down the organ itself, leading to inflammation and pancreatitis.In the modern world, pancreatitis is a common disease.A person who leads an unhealthy lifestyle is more susceptible to disease than others: smoking, abusing alcohol and eating junk food.The causes of the disease are different:
- Drinking alcohol.
- Poor nutrition, overeating.
- Abdominal injuries.
- Infectious diseases of the digestive system.
- Gallstone disease.
- Parasites.
- Taking certain medications and allergic reactions.
- Complications after surgery (about 5%).
It is necessary to eliminate the factors that influence the development of the disease.In special cases, when pancreatitis is the result of an injury or another disease, for example, gallstones, a cure is possible.
Basic food for pancreatitis
Unfortunately, it is often impossible to recover completely, but it is possible to stop the destruction of the pancreas and try to reduce relapses.Nutrition for pancreatitis of the pancreas is of great importance.The acute condition is relieved by medication;dietary food remains the main thing.
The basic principle of nutrition for pancreatitis is not to burden the pancreas.Try to reduce the production of enzymes.Food should be easily digestible without causing fermentation.You should eat often, in small portions.A smaller portion means less load on the diseased organ.During an exacerbation, frequent separate meals are excluded.The less and less often a person eats, the better.Meal breaks amount to 12 hours.For pancreatitis, food with a warm and soft consistency is welcome.
It is important for a patient with pancreatitis to study in detail what should not be consumed categorically, what foods should be avoided during pancreatitis and what foods are allowed to be eaten.
Authorized Products
- Dry bread or crackers.
- Dietary meat: lean beef, rabbit, white part of chicken and turkey.
- Dairy products: milk, low-fat cottage cheese and yogurt.It is necessary to monitor the fat content of the product.Cottage cheese no more than 2%, preferably low-fat.It is advisable to exclude mature fermented milk, yogurt and cream.
- Lean fish.Preferably cod.
- Cereals and any pasta.
- Vegetables that do not cause strong gas formation.Carrots, potatoes, beets, pumpkin, zucchini.
- Fruits: exclusively green apples, pears, bananas, avocados, dates.It is recommended to bake fruit.
- Weak teas, compote with dried fruits or berries.
Prohibited Products
- Alcohol.Even low-alcohol drinks will have to be completely excluded during the diet!
- Chocolate, sugar, sweets, cakes, pastries, baked goods and other products that contain a lot of sugar.
- Pork and red fish.
- Spices, spices, salt, smoked meat.
- Fermentable vegetables: white cabbage, radish, onion, garlic, spinach, radish.
- Fruits: grapes, red apples, citrus fruits, peaches, plums.
- Coffee, strong black or green tea, cocoa, sodas, packaged juices.
- Cereals and porridge: millet, pearl barley, corn.
- Legumes, mushrooms, nuts.
During the grace period, small relaxations are allowed.For example, it is acceptable to drink weak coffee with milk.For the dressing, use low-fat sour cream, olive or flax oil.
Soups that stimulate gastric secretion are not recommended for pancreatitis.However, outside of an irritation, it is permissible to eat soups with vegetable juices.A spoonful of honey for dessert will not hurt.
Despite the limited variety of food products for pancreatitis, a well-designed menu makes the diet diverse.
Pancreatitis type and nutrition
Pancreatitis is classified according to the nature of the disease:
- Acute pancreatitis.
- Chronic pancreatitis.
Depending on the type, the appropriate treatment and diet is prescribed, which is developed by the doctor.
Acute pancreatitis is treated in a hospital setting.This is a serious condition and can be fatal without immediate medical attention.In addition to surgical intervention, in case of acute pancreatitis, the following conditions must be met:
- Bed rest.
- Depression of pancreatic function.
- Drug treatment.
- Starvation diet.
During exacerbation of pancreatitis, fasting is indicated.The fasting diet can last up to three days.A person should drink 1.5-2 liters of liquid - mineral water will do, the gas should be released, weak black or green tea or rose infusion, only pure water.If the patient's condition is severe, then the fasting is extended to seven days, nutrients are supplied intravenously.
The diet for acute pancreatitis immediately after fasting should be mild.It is allowed to eat oatmeal, slippery soup and boiled rice.The rule of thumb during a flare-up is to introduce food gradually.In the first days, the food is low-calorie, with mucus and does not irritate the gastrointestinal tract.Volume and calorie content increase as recovery progresses.
After the acute phase, the disease becomes chronic.Chronic pancreatitis is characterized by low-grade inflammation and periodic pain.Attacks are triggered by drinking alcohol and irritating foods.
To prevent frequent relapses and reduce pain, the diet for pancreatic pancreatitis should remain lifelong.The diet should contain proteins of plant and animal origin.But the amount of fat is reduced to the limit.Handle carbohydrates with care.The diet for chronic pancreatitis has been carefully developed so that, despite the poor permitted list of foods, the patient receives the necessary nutrients.In addition, vitamins can be prescribed.
Therapeutic diet for pancreatitis
How to eat properly during pancreatitis so as not to damage the pancreas?
Soviet doctors also developed a special therapeutic diet for patients with pancreatitis.It is called the Pevzner diet no.5. And although dietary therapy has changed over the years, therapeutic nutrition for pancreatitis is still based on diet no.5. In case of deterioration, the Pevzner diet no.5 p.
The diet for chronic pancreatitis is quite diverse.Diet no.5 allows milk sausages and doctor's sausage.Although, given modern realities, it is better to refuse sausages.If you want, try making sausages yourself.At first, before diet food becomes a habit, it is better to create a menu for the week and buy the necessary products according to the list.You should avoid unnecessary trips to the store, anticipating the possibility of buying a prohibited product.
Weekly menu for pancreatitis
First day:
- Breakfast: Finely ground oatmeal, boil until it becomes viscous.Weak green tea.
- Snack: Yoghurt.
- Lunch: Mashed potatoes with steamed turkey cutlets, berry compote.
- Snack: Baked green apple.
- Dinner: Pumpkin porridge with oatmeal, weak black tea.
- Before bed: Low-fat cottage cheese.
Second day:
- Breakfast: Steamed or baked omelette, rose infusion.
- Snack: Boiled carrots with a minimal amount of oil.
- Lunch: Soup with vegetable puree.Crackers.Add a tablespoon of vegetable oil.Dried fruit compote.
- Snack: Sandwich with cheese, weak green tea.
- Dinner: boiled cauliflower, steamed fish fillet.Pour 10% sour cream on top.
- Before bed: Yoghurt.
Third day:
- Breakfast: Rice porridge with milk, boiled rice, milk diluted with water.Weak black tea.
- Snack: Cottage cheese casserole, prepared with oatmeal.Add a spoonful of honey.
- Lunch: Pasta and steamed meatballs made from lean beef.Dried fruit compote.
- Snack: Baked pear.
- Dinner: Buckwheat soup with milk.Green tea.
- Before bed: Yoghurt.
Fourth day:
- Breakfast: Oatmeal, black tea.
- Snack: Boiled or roasted beets.
- Lunch: Vegetable stew with steamed chicken fillet, rose hips.
- Snack: fat-free buns, jelly.
- Dinner: Soup with milk vermicelli.
- Before bed: Kefir.
Day five:
- Breakfast: Steam omelette, black tea.It is convenient to cook an omelet in a bag.Pour the raw mixture into a grocery bag, tie tightly and place in boiling water.The omelet will cook much faster than steam, without losing its properties.
- Snack: Yoghurt.
- Lunch: Vegetable soup with meatballs (meatballs are prepared separately), compote.
- Snack: Sandwich with butter and avocado, rose.
- Dinner: Buckwheat with steamed dumplings, jelly.
- Before bed: low-fat cottage cheese.
Day six:
- Breakfast: Oatmeal porridge cooked in water, weak coffee with milk.
- Snack: fruit jelly with green apple.
- Lunch: Soup with pumpkin puree, you can add a little milk, compote.
- Snack: Yoghurt.
- Dinner: Rice with turkey or chicken fillet, rose hips.
- Before bed: fruit jelly.
Seventh day:
- Breakfast: Soup with buckwheat milk.Milk preferably diluted.
- Snack: banana.
- Lunch: Vermicelli, steamed rabbit cutlets, compote.
- Snack: Cottage cheese casserole, spoon of honey.
- Dinner: Steamed vegetables, tea.
- Before bed: Yoghurt.
An approximate menu for chronic pancreatitis is described;it is possible to diversify the list of allowed products.The main thing is to respect the conditions:
- It is advisable to eat foods from the region where you live.Exotic fruits and vegetables are not good for you;they are brought to green shops.
- Compotes are prepared from dried fruits with the addition of berries: lingonberries, blueberries, black currants.You are not allowed to drink fruit juice very often.Remember - the concentration of drinks is higher than compost and can irritate the mucous membrane.
- Products that undergo heat treatment must be boiled or steamed.Vegetables and fruits are eaten exclusively in cooked form.
- Products for pancreatitis should be fresh and of high quality.The body of a healthy person is able to withstand a week's worth of sour curd or soup.Such a diet during inflammation of the pancreas will cause an aggravation of the disease.
Weekly menu for pancreatitis after an exacerbation
After an aggravation, it is necessary to carefully introduce foods, starting with a small amount of calories, gradually increasing to normal.Food in the first week is poor.After eating, you should monitor your condition;if it worsens, be sure to consult a doctor.
The first day after fasting:
- Dry bread and jelly.
- Continue to drink plenty of fluids.
Second day:
- Liquid rice soup.
- Dry bread or crackers.
- Weak black tea, rose infusion, jelly.
- Continue to drink plenty of fluids.
Third day:
- Breakfast: Oatmeal, with a thin, slippery consistency, cooked in water.
- Lunch: Liquid mashed potatoes.
- Dinner: Fire.Weak black tea or rose tea.
Fourth day:
- Breakfast: Oatmeal porridge on water.
- Lunch: Liquid mashed potatoes.
- Dinner: Cookies.Kissel.
Day five:
- Breakfast: Soup with buckwheat milk.
- Lunch: Vegetable puree from potatoes and carrots.
- Dinner: Cookies.Compost.
Day six:
- Breakfast: Omelet with protein.
- Lunch: Soup with liquid rice.
- Dinner: Vegetable puree from pumpkin and zucchini.Black tea.
Seventh day:
- Breakfast: Oatmeal cooked with diluted milk.
- Lunch: Vegetable stew, steamed turkey meatballs.
- Dinner: Low-fat cottage cheese.Green tea.
- Before bed: Oatmeal jelly.
- Gradually, during 10-14 days, a return to the basic diet occurs.
Consequences of not following the diet
If a person ignores his condition and proper nutrition during pancreatitis is not followed, such behavior is fraught with constant deterioration.Chronic recurrent pancreatitis is a dangerous condition of the pancreas.The disease in constant progression increases the area of cell damage, leads to complete atrophy of the organ and the development of associated diseases - cholecystitis, peptic ulcer, threatening diabetes and pancreatic cancer.
The diet of patients with pancreatitis is the basis for a long and quality life.